In the study of Sociology, there are reasons why the issue known as "global inequality" exists. These reasons are called "theories". Therefore, I will write about both the Modernization Theory and the World System Theory, which are two very well-known theories. To begin, I will write about the Modernization Theory. The Modernization Theory is centered around societies economically and socially. The Modernization Theory also displays the issue of global inequality in both technological and cultural ways, while showing the contrasts in societies as well.
This theory states that while societies such as North America have been using industrial technology to progress in different ways, nations with a lower income and a small amount of industrial technology are still poor. The Modernization Theory states that not every nation is willing to give up their cultural backgrounds for better ways of living. The reason why this occurs us due to both the cultural customs and belief systems within their country that declines the use of industrial technology. Even though the Modernization Theory has the reasons why global inequality occurs, they provide a strategy which can improve the nations across the world. This strategy is known as "The Stages of Modernization.". The first theory is known as the "Traditional Stage".
In the Traditional Stage, individuals make residence in societies that are based around both agriculture and tradition. Therefore, the children are commanded to respect standards of the past. Because of this issue, they do not have freedom beyond family life and nearby communities. In these modern day times, multiple nations are still economically struggling due to this issue. The second part of this solution is the "Take-Off Stage". When societies claim independence and permit individuals to use their abilities to their advantage, the economy starts expanding.
Markets are also established to sell goods for income. While customs are weakened, improvements to the nations are established. This stage, however, requires the impression of higher-income nations, which would provide more progressive opportunities in growth of the nations. The third stage is known as the "Drive To Technological Maturity". Within this stage. individuals acknowledge poverty and classify poverty as an issue. Therefore, they use the concept of Industrialization to expand their own economy and markets.
Afterwards, individuals come to accept new ways of living, and decline the old customs. Poverty becomes less of an issue, and the encouragement of education and jobs increase and improve individuals. Laws are also accepted by politicians which require mandatory rights to every type of individual. The fourth and last part of this stage is known as "High Mass Consumption". Within this stage, Industrial Technology is common, and the economy is growing at a fast rate, but with higher customs being established as well. To conclude this part of the essay, not only do richer nations need to support poor nations in order to grow through the stages, but the poor nations need to maintain their populations as well. The next and last theory I will write about is known as "World System Theory".
To begin, I will write about a theory established by Immanuel Wallerstein. Immanuel Wallerstein claims that a economy based around capitalism is based around higher income nations, and are the inner key part of the economy of the world. However, poor nations are the limitations of the economy of the world. While a few countries have connections with the world economy, other countries do not. Therefore, countries who have no connection with this type of economic system are taken advantage of and manipulated in a industrial way. The solution to these issues is to establish a balanced economic system, which maintains both the population and economic levels.
To conclude this entire essay, global inequality will unfortunately continue. However, we can continue to develop strategies to increase global equality and decrease global inequality.
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